Personally, I think much of the confusion is do with difficulties in explaining/understanding, rather than us actually having it wrong in our heads.
Anyway, I'll have a crack at your test, I havent looked at tristans answers yet, and engines arent exactly my strong point, as you've noted.
1) When is the best point to shift up?
c) when the next gear will deliver more torque to the wheels
2) To get maximum accelleration out of an engine you can use a continuously variable transmission (CVT) that can keep the engine at a constant rpm. Which rpm should this be?
b) max engine power rpm
I cant quite work out why in my head, but it stands to reason that if you are going to run an engine at only one speed, it should be the speed which derives the greatest power from the engine. It think its because running at max power rpm would effectively allow the CVT to be running in a lower gear, thus delivering greater actual wheel torque throughout the speed range.
3) You want to improve the accelleration of your car by getting a new engine. The dealer will only tell you either the max torque or max power. Which one will give you more useful information?
b) Honestly not sure. Max power and max torque are both of questionable use and dont tell the whole story, so I'd probably plump for max power.
4) You want to improve the accelleration of your car by getting a new engine. The dealer will only tell you either the torque curve or the power curve. Which one will give you more information?
c)both the same, one derives directly from the other.
5) With a given gear ratio you can go through the engine's rpm band by varying the speed of the car. At which rpm will you find the highest acceleration?
a) at max engine torque rpm (aerodynamic effects notwithstanding)
6) At a given vehicle speed you can go through the engine's rpm band by varying the gear ratio between engine and wheels. At which rpm will you find the highest acceleration?
b) at max engine power rpm, because it will yield the shorter gearing thus greater delivered torque to the wheels.
7) Which question, 5) or 6) is irrelevant when trying to determining the overall drag-strip performance of your car?
a) 5)
I'd just like to point out that I didnt make it very clear that I was referring to actual wheel torque in most of my previous points, which is a quite different thing to engine torque alone, as the engine power capabilities will determine what gearing is used to turn engine torque into wheel torque.